Nk’igikoresho nyamukuru co gupima inguvu zikoreshwa mu mice y’amashanyarazi, ubushobozi bw’ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi buragira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bijanye n’ukuri, ukwizigirwa, n’ubutungane bw’ugupima inguvu. ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibidukikije. Iki kiganiro kizoca irya n’ino ibimenyetso nyamukuru vy’ubushobozi n’ibisabwa vy’ubuhinga vy’ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi bivuye ku bijanye n’ukuri, ugushikama, ukwizigirwa, ubwenge, n’ugushobora guhindura ibidukikije.
Ugupima neza: Ikimenyetso nyamukuru c'ibikorwa vy'ibipimo vy'umuyagankuba
Ugutahura neza igipimo c’amashanyarazi ni co kintu nyamukuru gikenewe kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukora neza, kikaba gifise ingaruka zitaziguye ku bijanye n’ubutungane bwo gutanga amafaranga y’amashanyarazi n’ukwizigirwa kw’amakuru ava mu masosiyete y’amashanyarazi. Ivyiyumviro mpuzamakungu (nk’ivya IEC 62053) n’amategeko y’igihugu mu bisanzwe bishiraho ivyagezwe bikomeye ku bijanye n’ukuri kw’ibipimo vy’umuyagankuba. Ingero z’ukuri zisanzwe zirimwo 0.2s, 0.5s, 1.0, na 2.0, n’imibare iri hasi igereranya ukuri gukomeye. Ivyuma bipima umuyagankuba vy’ukuri bikoresha cane cane ibihindura umuriro (CTs) n’ibihindura umuriro (PTs), bifatanijwe n’ubuhinga buteye imbere bwo guhindura umuyagankuba (ADC), kugira ngo bishobore gupima neza mu gihe c’ubushobozi butandukanye (su{low}s1 amaharmonike). Ikindi, ibipimo vy'ubwenge bitegerezwa kubamwo ubushobozi bwo kwipima kugira ngo bigumye bifise ukuri kw'ibipimo vy'igihe kirekire-.
Gushikama n'Ukwizigirwa kw'Igihe Kirekire-
Ugushikama kw’igipimo kwerekeza ku bushobozi bwaco bwo kuguma gipima neza mu kiringo kirekire gikoreshwa. Ibintu bigira ico bikoze ku gushikama ni nk’ugukura kw’ibihimba, uguhinduka kw’ubushuhe be n’uguhungabana kw’umuyagankuba. Ivyuma bipima uburemere bwiza cane bikoresha ibihimba vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’ukwizigirwa kandi bigeragezwa cane kugira ngo bishobore gukora neza mu kiringo c’imyaka irenga 10.
Ukwizigirwa kwerekeza ku bushobozi iyo metero ifise bwo gukora mu bidukikije bikomeye, nk’ubushuhe bwinshi n’ubuke, ubukonje n’ugunyiganyiga. Ivyuma vy’inganda-grade meters mu bisanzwe bihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako z’ubuhinga bw’umuyagankuba (EMC) nka IEC 61000, bitanga ubudahangarwa ku bintu bishobora gutera imiravyo n’ugutera kw’amazi, bikaba bituma amakuru akusanywa adashikirwa n’ibintu biva hanze.
Ubwenge n'ubushobozi bwo guhanahana amakuru
Ivyo bipimo vy’ubwenge vy’ubu ntibifise gusa ibikorwa vyo gupima nk’ivyo mu bipimo vya kera vy’ubuhinga canke vy’ubuhinga bwa none, ariko kandi birashiramwo n’ibikoresho bitobito, ubwonko, n’ibikoresho vyo guhanahana amakuru kugira ngo bifashe gusoma ibipimo biri kure, gucunga umuzigo, kumenya ibintu bitari vyo, n’ibindi bikorwa. Amametero y’ubwenge akoresha uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru bukurikira:
•Ivy’itumanaho ritagira amashanyarazi (nka LoRa, NB-IoT, na Wi-Fi) kugira ngo bikoreshwe ahantu hamwe;
•Ivyuma vy’itumanaho bikoresheje amashanyarazi (nk’ivyo RS-485 n’ivyo gutwara umurongo w’amashanyarazi (PLC)) kugira ngo birongorwe hamwe.
Ikindi, amametero y’ubwenge akenshi ashigikira amategeko y’itumanaho mpuzamakungu nka DLMS/COSEM kugira ngo ashobore guhura n’uburyo bwo gucunga inguvu buva ku bacuruzi batandukanye.
Uguhindura ibidukikije n'umutekano
Ivyo gupima amashanyarazi bishobora gushirwa hanze, mu bibanza vyo munsi y’ubutaka canke mu bibanza vy’inganda, rero bitegerezwa kuba bifise ubushobozi bwiza cane bwo guhindura ibidukikije. Ingero zirimwo:
•Ubushuhe bukoreshwa cane (nk’akarorero, -40 degre gushika kuri +70 degre );
•Ishobora guhangana n’amazi n’inkungugu (IP65 canke irenga);
•Igishushanyo co guhangana n’ugusenyuka-gukoreshwa mu bidukikije bifise ubukonje bwinshi canke mu bidukikije bitera umunyu. Ku bijanye n’umutekano, ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi bitegerezwa kwubahiriza ingingo ngenderwako z’umutekano w’amashanyarazi (nk’IEC 62052) kugira ngo ntihagire ingorane nk’ugukubitwa n’amashanyarazi, uguterwa n’amashanyarazi birenze urugero, n’ugucika kw’amashanyarazi. Bategerezwa kandi gutuma amakuru y’abakoresha aguma ari ay’ibanga no kubuza umuntu kuyaronka canke kuyahindura ata wemerewe.
Iciyumviro
Ivyo ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi bikora biragira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere y’imirongo y’amashanyarazi no ku rugero rw’ugucungera amashanyarazi mu buryo bw’ubwenge. Ugutahura neza cane, ugushikama cane, ubwenge, n’ugushobora guhindura ibidukikije bikomeye ni vyo bisabwa nyamukuru ku bipimo vy’amashanyarazi vyo muri iki gihe. Hamwe n’iterambere rya Internet y’Inguvu, ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi vyo muri kazoza bizorushiriza gushiramwo ubuhinga nk’ugusesangura AI n’ububiko bw’amakuru bwa blockchain kugira ngo bitere imbere mu gupima neza no gucunga neza, bihe ubufasha bw’ubuhinga bwo kwizigirwa cane ku bijanye n’uguhindura inguvu kw’isi yose.