Nk’ibikoresho nyamukuru vyo gupima umutungo w’amazi no gutorera umuti ubudandaji, uburyo bwo gupima amazi burafitaniye isano n’ukurinda abakoresha, gucunga neza amazi, no gusangira neza umutungo wa Leta. Kubera ukwihutisha kw’ibisagara n’ugukwiragira kw’ibipimo vy’amazi vy’ubwenge, ukugenzura uburyo bw’ibipimo vy’amazi vyaragutse kuva ku gupima neza kw’ubuhinga bworoshe gushika ku buryo bushitse bushimikiye ku buhinga bw’ibikoresho, ubuhinga bwa elegitoronike, ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibidukikije, n’ugucungera neza ubuzima. Iki kiganiro kiratohoza mu buryo butunganye imice nyamukuru n’ingene yoshirwa mu ngiro kugenzura uburyo bw’ibipimo vy’amazi bivuye mu nzira nyinshi: uguhingura, uguhingura, ugupima, n’ugukoresha no gucungera.
Ibuye ry’imfuruka ry’uburyo mu gice c’uguhingura: Ukwizigirwa n’ukubahiriza ingingo mfatirwako
Inkomoko y’uburyo bw’ibipimo vy’amazi iri mu guhingura ibintu mu buryo bubereye. Ivyuma bipima amazi bikoreshwa n’amashini bisaba gutuma igipimo c’ugutanga amakuru n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ugusaza kw’ivyuma vy’amazi n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma kugira ngo bibe ivy’ugupima umurongo uhagaze mu gihe kirekire-ikoreshwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ibipimo vy’amazi vy’ubwenge bisaba ubudahangarwa bw’umuyagankuba (nk’uguca mu kigeragezo ca EMC) mu guhingura umurongo wavyo no gukoresha ibice vy’inguvu nto-kugira ngo bateri zibeho. Uburyo bwo guhingura butegerezwa gukurikiza cane ingingo ngenderwako z'igihugu (nk'iza GB/T 778 "Ibipimo vy'amazi akanye n'ashushe y'amazi yo kunywa") n'ingingo ngenderwako z'inganda (nk'iza ISO 4064). Ikindi, ibintu vy’ukuri bikoreshwa (nk’ibikoresho vyo gukingira -ubukonje mu turere dukanye be n’imiterere y’iyunguruzo ry’amazi afise umuvurungano mwinshi) bitegerezwa kwitwararikwa. Ivyiyumviro vy’urudandazwa (nk’ivyigwa vy’inguvu z’amazi y’ugusambuka kw’ibikoresho) bikwiye gukoreshwa kugira ngo hasuzumwe imbere y’igihe imipaka y’ubushobozi bw’ibihimba nyamukuru.
Gucungera uburyo mu gihe c'uguhingura: Gutunganya no gukurikirana
Inzira y’uguhingura ni co kintu nyamukuru co kumenya neza ko ari vyiza. Ku bijanye n’uguhitamwo ibikoresho vya mbere, inzu itegerezwa kuba ikozwe mu cuma gishobora gusenyuka- canke mu mapulasitike y’ubuhinga (nka PP-R). Ivyo bikoko bitegerezwa guca mu bigeragezo vy'ugukura ku bushuhe buri hagati ya degre -20 na degre 80 . Ibikoresho vy’imashini vya CNC bitegerezwa gukoreshwa mu gukora imashini zigendagenda kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kwihanganira uburebure bw’amaguru hagati ya ±0.01mm. "Uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibikorwa bushitse" butegerezwa gushirwa mu ngiro mu gihe cose c'uguhingura, hakoreshejwe amakode ya QR canke ibimenyetso vya RFID kugira ngo handikwe igice c'ibice, abakozi bo mu iteraniro, ibipimo vyo gutangura gukoresha, n'itariki y'uguhingura igipimo c'amazi cose, kugira ngo umenye neza ko utunenge tw'igicuruzwa dushobora gukurikirana ningoga ku buryo bwihariye. Ku bipimo vy’amazi vy’ubwenge, igerageza ry’imikorere y’igice c’itumanaho (nk’inkomezi z’ikimenyetso ca NB-IoT n’igipimo co kuroranirwa co gushiramwo amakuru) bitegerezwa kwongerwa ku murongo w’uguhingura kugira ngo amakuru ntatakare kubera ukunanirwa kw’ibihimba vy’ubuhinga bwa none.
Igenzura ry'ingero nyinshi - ry'uburyo bwo kugerageza: kuva muri laboratwari gushika ku kwigana mu murima
Igerageza ni umurongo wa nyuma wo kwikingira mu kugenzura uburyo. Igerageza ryo muri laboratwari ritegerezwa gushiramwo ibimenyetso vyose bihoraho (nk’ikosa ryinshi ryemewe: ritarenga ±2% ku rugero rw’amazi asanzwe kandi ritarenga ±5% ku rugero rwo hasi rw’amazi) n’ibikorwa vy’inguvu (nk’ugutakaza umuvuduko Muto canke bingana na 0,1 MPa kugira ngo ntihagire ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gutanga amazi y’uruzitiro rw’imiyoboro). Uretse igerageza ry’ikidodo c’amazi risanzwe (nta n’imwe ivuza ku 1,6 MPa mu minota 30) n’igerageza ry’uburemere (ihinduka ry’ikosa Riri munsi canke ringana na 1% mu masaha 500 y’ugukora ubudasiba), kwigana ibidukikije bikomeye na vyo nyene birakenewe (nk’ugushikama kw’ibipimo ku bushuhe burengeye {de}℃ya 415). , n’ukuntu igipfukisho gishobora guhangana n’ugusenyuka inyuma y’amasaha 96 y’umunyu . igerageza ry’imiti). Ku bipimo vy’amazi vy’ubwenge, birakenewe ko habaho igenzura ry’inyongera ku bijanye n’umutekano wo kubika amakuru (ukubika amakuru birenze canke bingana n’imyaka 10 inyuma y’aho amashanyarazi azimiye), ukwizigirwa kw’itumanaho ryo kure (ubushobozi bw’uburyo bwo gusubira gutanga amakuru bwikora mu bice vy’ibimenyetso bigoyagoya), n’ugukingira imbere y’igihe (nk’ivyo guhindura). Gusuzuma ahantu ni ingero y’inyongera. Kugereranya ibisomwa vya mbere vy’ibipimo inyuma yo gushirwaho, gusuzuma ivyo abakoresha bidoga, no gukora ibipimo vy’ibihe (nk’akarorero, ibipimo vy’ingenzi buri myaka itandatu) birarushiriza kwemeza ubushobozi nyabwo bw’ibikoresho vy’imigwi.
Gukomeza gutera imbere mu bikorwa no gucungera: Amakuru-Iterambere ry'uburyo
Igenzura ry’uburyo bw’ibipimo vy’amazi si ikintu co gushikako, ahubwo ni igikorwa gikomeye mu kiringo cose c’ubuzima. Inzego z'amazi zikwiye gushinga "urubuga rwo kugenzura amakuru y'ibipimo" kugira ngo zikusanyirize hamwe amakuru y'igihe nyaco-ku bijanye n'ugutemba kw'amazi mu kanya nk'ako gukubita, ikoreshwa ry'amazi ry'urugero, n'ibintu bidasanzwe (nk'akarorero, ugutemba kw'amazi ataco bimaze amasaha arenga 24 bishobora kwerekana ko hariho ukuvuza canke ko ataco bikora). Bakoresheje isesengura ry’amakuru manini, barashobora kumenya ibigereranyo canke ibice bifise ibiharuro vyinshi vy’ukunanirwa no gutuma umuduga ukora neza. Nk’akarorero, iyo akarere gakunda gushikirwa n’uguhagarara kw’ibinyabiziga bitewe n’uko amazi akomeye, hashobora gukorwa ivyiza bishingiye ku ntumbero ku bikoresho vyo kwiyunguruza canke kwongerako uburyo bwo kwisukura. Iyo igitigiri c’ugusenyuka kw’ibice vy’itumanaho vy’igipimo c’amazi c’ubwenge ari kinini, gukorana n’uwubitanga ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu ashobore guhindura neza porogarama y’itumanaho canke ayisubirize n’umuti w’itumanaho ushikamye kuruta. Ikindi, isesengura ry'imizi (RCA) ry'inyandiko z'itunganywa rikwiye gukorwa, kandi ibibazo bisanzwe bikwiye gushirwa mu rutonde rw'igenzura ry'ukwirinda mu gihe c'uguhingura, bikaba bikora uburyo bwo gucungera "ugutahura-ibisubizo-kunoza.
Igenzura ry’uburyo bw’ibipimo vy’amazi ni umugambi utunganijwe, usaba igenamigambi ry’ubuhinga mu guhingura, gushitsa neza mu guhingura, kugenzura mu buryo bwinshi-mu kugerageza, no gukomeza gutera imbere mu bikorwa no mu gucungera. Mu bijanye n'ugushira imbere kubungabunga amazi no guteza imbere uburyo bwo kuyacungera neza, ni mu gushiramwo gusa ubugenzuzi bw'uburyo bwo gupima amazi mu kiringo cose c'ubuzima bw'ibipimo vy'amazi dushobora kumenya neza ko igipimo cose gikora nk'"urugero rubereye" rwo gupima neza n'"urudodo rwa digitale" rufasha gucunga neza umutungo w'amazi. Mu gihe kizoza, n’iterambere ry’ubuhinga bwa IoT n’ugukoresha ibikoresho bishasha, ubugenzuzi bw’uburyo bw’ibipimo vy’amazi buzorushiriza gutera imbere buja ku bushobozi bw’ubwenge n’ubuhanuzi, bihe umushinge w’ubuhinga ukomeye cane wo kwubaka uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi mu buryo buramba.