Mu mirongo y’amashanyarazi y’ubu, ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi vy’inzira imwe-ni vyo bikoresho nyamukuru vyo gupima amashanyarazi akoreshwa n’abakoresha. Ivyo bahitamwo biragira ico bikoze ata guca ku ruhande ku kuntu ingero zitagira aho zigarukira, ku kuntu iyo nzira igumaho be no ku giciro c’umuyagankuba uwuyikoresha. Guhitamwo neza ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi vy’inzira imwe-ntibifitaniye isano n’ubushobozi bwo gukora neza bw’amashirahamwe y’amashanyarazi gusa, ariko kandi birafitaniye isano n’ukurinda uburenganzira n’inyungu z’abakoresha amashanyarazi. Iki kiganiro kizosigura mu buryo bubereye ingingo nyamukuru zo guhitamwo ibipimo vy’umuyagankuba vy’inzira imwe-bivuye ku mice y’ibipimo vy’ubuhinga, ivyerekeye gukoresha, ingingo ngenderwako z’icemezo n’imigenderanire y’iterambere ry’imbere.
Gusobanura ibisabwa mu vy'ubuhinga
Guhitamwo ibipimo vy’umuyagankuba vy’inzira imwe-bitegerezwa mbere na mbere gushingiye ku bisabwa vy’ubuhinga vy’ibikorwa vy’ukuri. Ivyagezwe vy'ingenzi birimwo:
1.Igipimo c'umuriro n'ubu
Inguvu z’umuriro zigereranywa z’igipimo c’umuyagankuba c’inzira imwe-akenshi ni 220V (canke 110V, bivanye n’ingingo ngenderwako y’uruzitiro rw’amashanyarazi rw’akarere), kandi umuriro ugereranijwe ukeneye kumenyekana hakurikijwe ubunini bw’umuzigo. Ivyiyumviro rusangi birimwo 5(60)A, 10(40)A, n’ibindi, aho agaciro kari mu bifunga gaserura umuriro mwinshi. Nk’akarorero, igipimo c’umuyagankuba ca 5(60)A kirabereye ku mizigo isanzwe yo mu nzu, mu gihe igipimo c’umuyagankuba gikomeye cane (nk’ica 10(100)A) kibereye ku bidukikije vy’amashanyarazi vy’inganda canke vy’inguvu nyinshi-.
Urugero rw'ukuri
Ugutahura neza igipimo c’umuyagankuba biragira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bijanye n’ubutungane bwo gutanga amafaranga. Dushingiye ku ngingo mfatirwako z’igihugu c’Ubushinwa, urugero rw’ukuri rw’ibipimo vy’amashanyarazi vy’inzira imwe-bikoreshwa mu nzu muri rusangi ni urugero rwa 2 (±2% y’ikosa). Ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga buhanitse- (nk’ama laboratwari canke ibibanza vy’ubudandaji) bishobora gusaba metero zo mu rwego rwa 0.5S canke zo mu rwego rwa 1. Igihe uhitamwo igipimo, hitamwo ikigereranyo gihuye n’ibisabwa vy’ukuri bishingiye ku vyo ukeneye mu gupima.
Incuro n'umubare w'ibice
Ivyuma bipima amashanyarazi vy’inzira imwe-bibereye ku nzira z’amashanyarazi z’inzira imwe -bibereye ku nzira z’amashanyarazi z’inzira 50Hz canke 60Hz (bivanye n’ingingo mfatirwako z’inzira y’igihugu) kandi bikoreshwa gusa mu gupima inzira imwe- y’amashanyarazi y’inzira imwe. Niba hariho ubushobozi bw'inzira zitatu-, igipimo c'inzira zitatu-gikwiye gutorwa.
Guhitamwo bishingiye ku vyo gukoresha
Ibidukikije bitandukanye vy’ikoreshwa bisaba ibikorwa bitandukanye n’ugukomera kw’ibipimo vy’umuyagankuba, rero guhitamwo bishingiye ku ntumbero ni ngombwa:
1.Amashanyarazi yo mu nzu
Abakoresha mu rugo kenshi bahitamwo ibipimo vy'umuyagankuba vy'inzira imwe-bifise ibikorwa vy'ishimikiro vyo gupima. Ivyuma vy’ubuhinga bwa none birafasha no gusoma ivyuma vy’ubuhinga bwa none no kwishura imbere y’igihe, bikaba bituma uburongozi bugenda neza. 2. Ivyuma vy’ubudandaji n’ivy’inganda
Amaduka, ibiro bitobito be n’ibindi bintu bishobora kuba birimwo ibintu vyinshi bigenda bihinduka (nk’ibikoresho vyo gutuma umuyaga ugera mu nzu n’ivyo gukoresha amasanseri). Ni vyiza gukoresha igipimo c’umuyagankuba gifise urugero rwagutse- (nk’ica 5(60)A canke 10(40)A) no kumenya neza ko gifise ubushobozi bwo kunanira uguhungabana kw’amajwi.
3. Ibidukikije bidasanzwe
Mu bidukikije bifise ubushuhe bwinshi, ubukonje canke ibidukikije bikomeye vy’umuyagankuba (nk’ivyumba vyo munsi y’ubutaka n’amasengesho y’uruganda), birakenewe guhitamwo igipimo c’umuyagankuba gifise urugero rwo hejuru rw’uburinzi (nk’urwa IP54 canke hejuru) n’ubushobozi bukomeye bw’umuyagankuba (EMC) kugira ngo gikore neza igihe kirekire{1}}.
Kwibanda ku bwenge no ku bikorwa vyo guhanahana amakuru
Kubera iterambere ry'amashanyarazi y'ubwenge, ibikorwa vy'inyongera vy'ibipimo vy'amashanyarazi vy'inzira imwe-biriko birarushiriza kugira akamaro:
1. Ubushobozi bwo guhanahana amakuru kure
Ivyuma bipima amashanyarazi bishigikira amasezerano y’itumanaho nka RS-485, LoRa, na NB{2}}IoT birashobora gushika ku gutanga amakuru kure, bikaba vyoroshe gukurikirana igihe nyaco-n’amashirahamwe y’amashanyarazi n’ugusaba kw’abakoresha.
2. Kwishura imbere y’igihe no kugenzura umuzigo
Amametero y’amashanyarazi yishurwa imbere y’igihe arafasha kubanza kugura amashanyarazi hanyuma akayakoresha, bikagabanya ingorane zo gusubira inyuma; bimwe mu bigereranyo vy'iherezo ry'imbere - navyo nyene birafise ibikorwa vyo gukingira umuzigo urengeje urugero bishobora guca kure inguvu zidasanzwe zikoreshwa . 3.
Ububiko bw'amakuru n'ivyabaye
Ivyuma bipima amashanyarazi vy’agaciro kanini-bikwiye gutanga amakuru y’ido n’ido yerekeye ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi (nk’ugukoresha amashanyarazi akonje ku musi/ku kwezi) n’ububiko bw’ibintu bishobora gushika kugira ngo bishobore gutorera umuti ingorane no gusuzuma ubushobozi bw’inguvu.
Icemezo n'ukuvyubahiriza
Igihe uhitamwo igipimo, urabe ko caciye mu vyemezo vy’igihugu vy’ingenzi (nk’icemezo c’ingenzi c’Ubushinwa (CCC)) kandi ko kihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako zijanye n’ivyo (nk’urutonde rwa GB/T 17215). Ikindi kandi, iyo iyo metero igenewe gushorwa hanze canke inganda zimwe zimwe (nk’ivy’ubuvuzi canke ivy’ugutwara abantu n’ibintu mu nzira y’amagariyamoshi), itegerezwa kuba ifise ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo umuntu agire icemezo (nk’ivyo CE na UL).
Ivyo muri kazoza n'impanuro zo guhitamwo
1.Ugutahura gukomeye n'ugukoresha ubushobozi buke
Uruvyaro rushasha rw’ibipimo vy’umuyagankuba biriko biratera imbere bishika ku rugero rwa 0.2S-rw’ukuri gukomeye n’ugukoresha ubushobozi buke cane, bikaba bituma bibereye mu bihe bifise ibisabwa bikomeye vyo gupima.
2.Multi-Igiciro n'Uburongozi bw'Inguvu
Ivyuma bipima amashanyarazi bifasha igihe-co-gukoresha amafaranga (igiciro c’isonga n’igiciro c’isonga) birashobora gufasha abakoresha gutuma amafaranga y’amashanyarazi agenda neza kandi bishobora kuba ikintu gihambaye mw’isoko ry’amazu muri kazoza.
3.Igishushanyo c'ibice
Ivyuma bipima inguvu bifise ibice vy’itumanaho bishobora kwaguka canke ibice vy’ugutahura birashobora guhindura uko bigenda bivanye n’ivyo ubuhinga buzotera imbere.
Incamake: Guhitamwo igipimo c’inguvu c’inzira imwe-bisaba kwitwararika neza ivyerekeye ubuhinga, ivyerekeye gukoresha, ibisabwa vy’ubwenge, n’ukubahiriza amategeko. Abakoresha barahanurirwa gusobanura neza ivyo bakeneye imbere yo kugura no gushiramwo imbere ibintu vy’icubahiro. Gira ico ubaza umuhinga mu vy'amashanyarazi nimba ari ngombwa kugira ngo ubone ko uhisemwo neza kandi ataco bimaze-.